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Day 11

A collection of 3 issues

40 THORACIC ANATOMY & PATHOLOGY

# THORACIC ANATOMY & PATHOLOGY Detailed notes The thorax is the busiest crossroads in human anatomy. Three organ systems share a single bony cage, and the surgical questions in MRCS Part A circle the same anatomical relationships again and again — which structure lies behind the sternum at the 5th ICS, where

41 HEART

# Heart 👩‍⚕️ Examiners hammer the same themes: which chambers form which surface, the coronary arteries and their territories, conduction anatomy, valve auscultation areas, the four classic murmurs, and the haemodynamic patterns of tamponade and pump failure. If you remember one thing: aortic stenosis is the most dangerous valvular lesion intraoperatively because

39 ENDOCRINOLOGY

# Endocrinology Endocrine pathology underlies many "atypical" surgical patients. MRCS Part A rarely volunteers the diagnosis — recognise the hormonal pattern. Detailed notes The pituitary gland Sits in the sella turcica beneath the optic chiasm, flanked by the cavernous sinuses (CN III, IV, V1, V2, VI). Two embryologically distinct lobes.